Even while losing the Vietnam War, MACV demonstrated measurable learning-organization traits in how it coordinated military intelligence and psychological operations across three phases (1965–67 buildup, 1968–69 Tet/peak, 1970–71 Vietnamization) — judged by refining Harvard's David Garvin's learning criteria into a scored scale and applying it to MACV records from the National Archives and the Army Heritage Education Center.

— In our words · Source: The Learning Curve: MACV's Grasp of Intelligence, PSYOP, and Their Coordination, 1965-1971 (Andrew D. Whiskeyman)