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Common Sense

by Thomas Paine

13 cards

Paine's 1776 pamphlet — the case for American independence: government as a necessary evil, the absurdity of hereditary rule, and a costed plan for a new nation.

Card #c1464Synthesis

Habit Makes Wrong Look Right

a long habit of not thinking a thing wrong, gives it a superficial appearance of being right

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A team attacks your proposal in the first meeting. Wait out the outcry, then ask each critic to name the actual harm.

[Why it matters]

People defend a bad arrangement because it is familiar, not because they weighed it. The first outcry measures habit, not merit.

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Card #c1465Synthesis

Society and Government Have Different Parents

Society is produced by our wants, and government by our wickedness

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A group blames weak rules for a trust problem. Fix the shared purpose first, then reach for enforcement.

[Why it matters]

People bond over what they need from each other; force grows out of what they do to each other. Confuse them, and every trust problem starts to look like a policing problem.

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Card #c1466Synthesis

Government at Its Best Is a Necessary Evil

government even in its best state is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable one

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A process keeps growing because it feels responsible. Ask what concrete harm each step prevents, and cut the steps with no answer.

[Why it matters]

Even good government earns its keep only by the harm it prevents. Judge any rule by the evil it stops, not the virtue it performs.

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Card #c1467Synthesis

No One Is Born Owning the Future

For all men being originally equals, no one by birth could have a right to set up his own family in perpetual preference to all others for ever

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A founder wants his child guaranteed the top job. Put the succession rule to a vote of the people who must live under it.

[Why it matters]

A founder's merit dies with the founder. Locking in his heirs taxes people who never consented, including people not yet born.

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Card #c1468Synthesis

Even Brutes Do Not Devour Their Young

Even brutes do not devour their young, nor savages make war upon their families

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A bigger partner harms you and calls it family loyalty. Judge the act itself, and let the claimed bond raise the standard.

[Why it matters]

Calling a power your parent does not excuse its violence. By the standards of animals, an attacker who claims kinship looks worse, not better.

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Card #c1469Synthesis

A Continent Cannot Belong to an Island

there is something very absurd, in supposing a continent to be perpetually governed by an island

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A small headquarters micromanages a far larger operation abroad. Move real decisions to where most of the people and facts are.

[Why it matters]

Scale is a fact, not an insult. When the branch outweighs the trunk, the reporting line itself becomes the problem.

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Card #c1470Verbatim excerpt

'Tis Time to Part

The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature cries, 'Tis time to part

— Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A partnership has already cost people money, trust, or safety. Stop debating loyalty and set the separation terms.

[Why it matters]

Some splits stop being betrayals once the harm is counted. After enough damage, staying together needs more defense than leaving.

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Card #c1471Synthesis

A Free Port Guards Itself

Open trade with everyone. Each trading nation's interest becomes your guard. Nobody invades the free port that pays them.

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

You must choose between an exclusive alliance and open terms for all. Pick the arrangement that pays strangers to leave you alone.

[Why it matters]

A partner who profits from your openness defends your safety for selfish reasons. Selfish reasons hold up better than promises.

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Card #c1472Synthesis

Let the Law Be King

in America the law is king. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be King

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A team bends its own rules for a star performer. Enforce the rule in public, or rewrite it in public for everyone.

[Why it matters]

A free state swaps the person at the top for a rule above everyone. He crowns the law in ceremony, then has the crown destroyed, so nobody mistakes the symbol for a sovereign.

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Card #c1473Synthesis

Fix the Congress Before the Crisis

Annual assemblies and a more equal vote for representatives. A congress of at least 390 delegates, with thirty or more sent by each colony.

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

Your group keeps improvising who decides each hard question. Write the seats, the terms, and the quorum down where everyone can point to them.

[Why it matters]

He fixes size, quotas, and election rhythm while he still can. Rules written in calm weather survive the storm that tests them.

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Card #c1474Synthesis

Price the Fleet, Then Judge the Fear

He prices a whole fleet at 3,500,000. Tar, timber, iron and cordage all grow at home. Britain meanwhile carries a debt above one hundred and forty millions sterling.

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A room calls your plan too expensive without figures. Bring the full price and the cost of the status quo, side by side.

[Why it matters]

A costed plan beats a vague fear of expense. He lists the materials, the total, and the rival's far heavier debt in the same table.

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Card #c1475Synthesis

Begin While the Nation Is Young

Youth is the seed time of good habits, as well in nations as in individuals

— In our words · Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A new team keeps postponing its working rules. Set the habits this month, while setting them is still cheap.

[Why it matters]

Institutions harden early and quietly. Habits set in the first season become limits the grown nation cannot cross.

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Card #c1476Verbatim excerpt

Begin the World Over Again

We have it in our power to begin the world over again

— Source: Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

[Use when]

A rare opening appears: a market shifts, a leader resigns, a budget opens. Name the deadline and draft the new rules before normal returns.

[Why it matters]

Rare moments let a people rewrite the rules instead of inheriting them. He treats the moment as a deadline, not a mood.

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