Local Communities of the Bothnian Arc in a Prehistoric World
PhD thesis — University of Oulu, 2021. Full text: https://archive.org/details/isbn978-952-62-2938-6
Arguments
Local Communities of the Bothnian Arc in a Prehistoric World
Four thousand years of neighbors living differently side by side undercuts the assumption that new technologies inevitably displace old ways of life — transitions can stay stubbornly plural.
A forager–farmer frontier on the Bothnian Arc persisted for over four millennia after agriculture arrived in the 4th–3rd millennia BCE, with subsistence ideologies — not geography alone — dividing communities; post-glacial land uplift was itself an active agent shaping how people mapped their world.
Why it matters
Four thousand years of neighbors living differently side by side undercuts the assumption that new technologies inevitably displace old ways of life — transitions can stay stubbornly plural.
Use when: A better technology doesn't automatically win — ideologies of subsistence can hold a frontier open for millennia.